Andreessen Horowitz is shaping AI policy — while investing in a bleak vision of the future
Marc Andreessen wants to shape US AI policy. The venture capital firm he co-founded and runs, Andreessen Horowitz (abbreviated “a16z”), is a major player in the development of new tech startups.
These startups include:
* A bot farm of fake accounts, tricking people and social media platforms into thinking AI-generated ads are posted by real people
* An AI company that wants to normalize cheating on dates, job interviews, and tests with AI
* AI companion apps linked to suicide and disturbing behavior toward children
* A platform hosting thousands of deepfake models — 96% targeting identifiable women — that have been used to create AI-generated content sexualizing children
* Gambling platforms that attempt to subvert existing laws and target vulnerable users
* Fintech companies implicated in fraud and illegality
Many of these companies knew the rules and broke them anyway — or designed products specifically to exploit gaps in consumer protection. The firms profited, and the public paid the costs.
There’s a growing public desire to rein in tech companies and regulate AI, so a16z is spending tens of millions of dollars to shape the development of AI policy. The firm helped launch a $100 million super PAC, saw former partners take key government roles, and successfully pushed for an executive order attempting to undermine state AI laws. The partners want to set the rules of the road, even as they’re already driving recklessly.
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This is all designed to cir vent platforms’ restrictions on fake content and then serve that fake content to unsuspecting real people.
In a podcast interview, Lakhani offered details about one of the company’s clients: “They're hitting like the old person niche, which is what I think is like the best niche to hit with AI content.”
Polling and research have found that older people are less likely to say they’ve heard about AI and more likely to fall for AI-generated misinformation.
Lakhani drew a parallel between this client and his prior work producing AI-generated marketing content at scale: “It was all like old person niche stuff. So like all supplements that would, you know, target old people, and that's when the commission would go crazy.”
“Those brands would tell you to do like, you know, make some like extremely crazy claims,” he said, “especially with supplements.” Lakhani added, “The supplement stuff should definitely be like kind of illegal. I don't know how that is allowed.”
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Lee's stated goal was to “desensitize everyone to the phrase ‘cheating.’” If you say it enough, he argues, “cheat begins to lose its meaning.” A16z praised Lee's approach as “rooted in deliberate strategy and intentionality.”
While some companies, like Lyft, largely benefited everyday people while breaking rules around taxi regulation, Lee is interested in breaking something more fundamental: the shared understanding that lying and cheating is wrong.
Cluely AI announced a $15 million Series A led by a16z in June 2025. Both Cluely and Doublespeed share a common theory: that the basic rules governing social and professional life are obstacles to be overcome. A16z would seem to agree.
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The company's CEO has stated openly, “We didn't build Coverd to help people inhibit their spending; we built it to make spending exciting. We let spenders win twice – the second time is when they play it back and win.”
This marketing likely appeals to people who are already stretched thin and desperate. Many customers may be financially vulnerable and willing to chase any way to erase expenses that they don’t know how to pay off.
But gambling is never a good approach to getting out of debt, as the leadership at Coverd and a16z surely know. The core business model of gambling is based around offering players negative expected value bets, but what keeps them playing is that near-miss outcomes activate the brain's dopamine system similarly to actual wins — and gambling games are often deliberately designed to produce these near-misses frequently. Combined with cognitive biases like selective memory and the gambler's fallacy, one study suggests 96% of long-term gamblers lose money.
Nonetheless, Coverd’s app store description describes the product as a way to make the user more financially savvy, suggesting that the app will help them improve their financial health. It reads: “Coverd makes everyday finance more engaging and interactive! See your spending habits, play games, and become more financially savvy! Win in-game tokens as you play and stay on top of your finances — all in one easy-to-use app. No purchase required, just a fresh take on financial awareness. Download Coverd and become money-smart today!”
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Edgar calls it “America's #1 social casino for slot lovers!”
This game uses a trick common among sweepstakes casinos — using two different currencies. By making a purchase, players receive “Betty Coins” for entertainment, as well as a “bonus” gift of “Sweepstakes Coins” that can be gambled and redeemed for cash prizes. The company claims no purchase is necessary to play — but multiple states have concluded that such models cons ute illegal gambling regardless.
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On a16z's own Speedrun accelerator website, Cheddr is described as “building the TikTok of sports wagering.”
The company wants to push the frontier of sports betting across the country, targeting 46 states even though only approximately 34 have legalized online sports betting. It’s also targeting its app to users under age 21. To do this, the company is exploiting the same sweepstakes law loophole that Edgar uses. This lets Cheddr offer sports betting that supposedly isn’t “gambling” in the eye of regulators.
The promotional video shows users swiping through rapid-fire prop bets during live games; “it’s sports wagering at the pace of a slot machine,” the video says.
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Like Cheddr, Coverd, and Edgar, Sleeper has found a strategy allowing it to largely evade existing gambling restrictions.
It is technically operating a daily fantasy sports game (DFS). Users can win or lose money on the basis of the performance of individual players they’ve selected before a match, rather than the outcome of the match itself. Some argue this makes it a game of skill, not chance, allowing it to legally operate with real money wagers.
The company now faces class action lawsuits in California and Massachusetts alleging that its app is an illegal gambling operation. California’s attorney general declared in July 2025 that daily fantasy sports cons uted unlawful wagering under state law: “We conclude that participants in both types of daily fantasy sports games — pick’em and draft-style games — make ‘bets’ on sporting events in violation of section 337a.”
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Kalshi currently operates in all 50 states, including California and Texas where sports betting is illegal, and allows 18-year-olds to wager in states where the legal gambling age is 21.
So far, these tactics have been wildly successful, and investors have noticed. In October 2025, a16z co-led a $300 million Series D in Kalshi. Less than two months later, the company raised another $1 billion at an $11 billion valuation.
Despite Kalshi’s spin, the company's own statements undermine the distinction between trading financial instruments and gambling. In an October 2024 Reddit AMA — since deleted but preserved in archives — Kalshi's official account explained why they wouldn't offer sports contracts: "We also avoid anything that could be interpreted as 'gaming' (like sports), as that is illegal under federal law."
Sports contracts, Kalshi’s attorneys have argued in court, have “no inherent economic significance” and serve no “real economic value.” Kalshi’s position was that sports contracts were pure gambling, unlike sophisticated election markets.
Then Trump took office. Within days of the inauguration, Kalshi launched sports contracts. Sports now account for 90% of Kalshi's trading volume. The company advertised itself as the “First Nationwide Legal Sports Betting Platform” with “Sports Betting Legal in all 50 States.”
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A court-appointed trustee discovered that between $65 million and $96 million in customer funds was missing. Synapse's ledgers didn't match bank records, and its estate couldn't even afford a forensic accountant to find the money.
The human toll was severe. At Yotta, a company that relied on Synapse, 13,725 customers were offered a total of $11.8 million on $64.9 million in deposits. One customer who had deposited over $280,000 from the sale of her home was offered only $500.
People wanted answers.
In July 2024, the Senate Banking Committee chairman wrote directly to a16z along with other investors, demanding investors step up to help the harmed customers. The letter noted that “venture capital firms funded Synapse without insisting on adequate controls to protect consumers.”
The Department of Justice then opened a criminal investigation into Synapse. In August 2025, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) filed a complaint alleging that Synapse violated the Consumer Financial Protection Act by failing to maintain adequate records of customer funds.
Seven months after the bankruptcy filing, a16z co-founder Marc Andreessen appeared on Joe Rogan's podcast and described the CFPB as an organization that “terrorizes” fintech companies.
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“Some companies mistakenly claim that notes from doctors based merely on self-reported health information can convert non-medical food, wellness and exercise expenses into medical expenses, but this do entation actually doesn’t,” the IRS said in a statement. “Such a note would not establish that an otherwise personal expense satisfies the requirement that it be related to a targeted diagnosis-specific activity or treatment; these types of personal expenses do not qualify as medical expenses.”
Truemed CEO Justin Mares claims the company is “in full alignment” with IRS guidelines. Truemed co-founder Calley Means now serves as a senior advisor to Health and Human Services Secretary Robert F. Kennedy Jr., raising questions about potential conflicts of interest. The AP reported that Means founded a lobbying group of “MAHA entrepreneurs and Truemed vendors” that listed expanding tax-advantaged health accounts as a goal — a policy that would benefit his company.
In May 2025, Politico reported that Peter Gillooly, CEO of The Wellness Company, filed an ethics complaint against Means, alleging that Means leveraged his government position in a business dispute. A recorded call allegedly captured Means threatening to involve Kennedy and NIH Director Jay Bhattacharya if the compe or didn't comply. Truemed has since said that Means has divested from Truemed.
A16z's announcement made no mention of the IRS warnings — instead praising Truemed for addressing the “great American sickening.”
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In May 2024, the CFPB distributed nearly $40 million to 118,101 consumers who were harmed by LendUp. The money came from the CFPB's victims relief fund because LendUp claimed a limited ability to pay. LendUp — the company that had raised $325 million — ended up paying only $100,000.
According to ProPublica, eight a16z-backed fintech companies have faced CFPB investigations since 2016. Marc Andreessen has made his disdain for the CFPB clear. Meanwhile, the firm's political spending via their crypto-focused super PAC, Fairshake, has punished political candidates who have supported the CFPB.
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The SEC fined Zenefits and Conrad nearly $1 million combined for “materially false and misleading statements” to investors. In 2018, Conrad surrendered his California insurance license. The company's valuation was cut in half, and Zenefits eventually exited the insurance brokerage business entirely.
The person who took over as CEO to clean up the mess was COO David Sacks, who declared that the company's culture had been “inappropriate for a highly regulated company.” Sacks later told Bloomberg he “knew of the macro but didn't know its significance or about Conrad's involvement” until outside lawyers explained it in January 2016 despite having served as COO for over a year.
Sacks is now the White House AI and crypto czar, where he's been pushing to preempt state AI regulations in favor of a “minimally burdensome” federal framework — a priority for which a16z has also lobbied. Working alongside him is Sriram Krishnan, the Senior White House Policy Advisor on AI, who was an a16z general partner until weeks before his December 2024 appointment.
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By this point, Shah was already working on his next company. In January 2023 — while Health IQ employees were fighting for unpaid commissions — Shah and co-founder Alex Miller had started Hippocratic AI, a healthcare-focused AI startup.
When Hippocratic AI launched in May 2023, a16z co-led the $50 million seed round. A16z General Partner Julie Yoo explained the investment by noting that Shah had been “literally hanging out in our offices” while ideating his next venture.
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