Teachers are the key.
We don't value them in this society. If we did, we would pay them better.
We turn over most of our parental functions to teachers, and then want them to do our job and the traditional teaching job and pay them like we would pay nannies or baby sitters.
There are a lot of really bad teachers out there right now. There are a lot of really bad parents out there right now. If we incented teachers better by paying them better, more competent people would be drawn to it. Some people really consider it a vocation and would do it for almost any amount of money. But, just like with everything else, if you want the absolute best, you have to figure out a better incentive system.
Let me ask you this. If you have a college degree in math and someone offers you a job in a private company that uses your math skills for product development at a salary of 45-60K per annum, and someone offers you a teaching job that uses your math skills at say 25-35K per annum, plus you get to deal with bratty kids, obnoxious (or uncaring)parents, and know that you will struggle to make enough money to give your kids the kind of education that you yourself got, what decision would you make?
And if you say you would teach, how would you justify that decision in light of your own parental obligations to your kids?
I faced that decision. I understand that I live in a capitalist society. I don't have a problem with that. But when I was teaching in a state university making less than some starting young manager in private industry, I recognised that I needed to pay attention to what my society was telling me. So I went to work in private industry and made ten times as much money in short order than I ever would have in a university setting.
Then I could give my kids a good education...and did.
When education is important to us, we will pay educators enough to attract and retain the best in their fields. Until then, our schools get worse and worse.
It's the American way.