A question arising at this point is: what determines whether a person -- willing to
commit acts of violence to achieve his or her goals -- becomes an apocalyptic terrorist
willing to destroy him or herself in the execution of acts of catastrophic violence?
One answer is suggested by one interpretation of the great Abrahamic religion,
Islam.
It is clear that for many Arabs and Muslims worldwide, Islam is under siege by U.S.-
directed globalization undergirded by a neo-“Crusader” mentality. This and the U.S. policy
in the Middle East have encouraged some Arabs and Muslims to define Americans,
Israelis, Jews, and Christians as the “Enemy” and, therefore, as targets of rage-based acts
of violent defense of Islamic values.
A case in point is revealed by the 19 young men who committed the catastrophic
acts of 11 September 2001, giving up their lives in the process. They were male, Arab, and
Wahhabist (i.e., Salafi) Muslims. Wahhabism -- a more traditional, and for some, "purer"
form of Islam -- is the brand of Islam practiced in Saudi Arabia since the establishment in
the 18th century of an alliance between the House of Saud and religious reformer
Muhammad ibn Abd al-Wahhab. It is an indelible part of the Saudi state and
consciousness. (Fifteen of the 19 terrorists were Saudi citizens.) More significantly,
Wahhabism is also exported worldwide by the oil-rich state, with the Taliban in Afghanistan
and Pakistan being the most Wahhabist of all.
The main architect or inspiration for the 11 September attacks, Osama bin Laden, is
not only a very wealthy Saudi and founder of the global terrorist group, al Qaeda, but also a
Wahhabist. Since the 1990s, Bin Laden has issued fatwa -- religiously based edicts in
effect declaring war -- against the U.S. and Americans for committing blasphemy against
Islam by stationing in excess of 5,000 U.S. military personnel in Saudi Arabia since the
1990-1991 Gulf War. Saudi Arabia is the site of two of the holiest shrines in Islam: Mecca,
where The Prophet was born, and Medina, where The Prophet established the first Islamic
state.
Osama bin Laden and others like him have additional grievances against the West:
allowing Serbs to slaughter Bosnian Muslims with impunity during the genocidal implosion
of former Yugoslavia during the 1990s; carte blanche U.S. support for nearly everything
that Israel does to the Palestinians; U.S. support for corrupt regimes in the Arab world (e.g.,
in Egypt and Saudi Arabia); and the U.S.-led wars and military occupations in Afghanistan
and Iraq