That actually raises a very good point. One, I concede, is an argument for the other side.
In States where the outcome of the electoral vote is fairly certain -- either Republican or Democrat -- voter turnout is lower than in States where the outcome is less certain. If you went to a pure popular election for President, it would certainly induce a high turnout in States where the outcome is all but certain because, then, their vote would be counted toward the country's total.
But, on the obverse, had this been the case, I doubt the three instances to which you referred would have ever occurred. Just using the 2000 election as an example; there were more States that were solidly on the Republican side than were on the Democrat side. Had those states had some concern that their votes would have more of a bearing than just on their own State's electors, then they would have come out, in force, to raise the overall vote total nationwide. And, considering the difference between the popular vote received by Gore vs. Bush, it would have probably been enough to tip the scales.
For instance, I don't think there was any doubt Bush would win the electoral votes in Texas in 2000. Therefore, some Republicans had less of an incentive to actually make it to the poll that day. Why? They were fairly confident, Bush was carry Texas without their vote.
I would be willing to bet that in the states where the margins were wider between Bush and Gore, the turnout was lower than in states where the margin was narrow.
That's one school of thought.

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