For all of those that claim that Christianity impedes the progress of Science (a topic debated often on this forum) check out Rodney Stark's latest book...
Here is a review
The "secret" of Western civilization's success? One factor above all: Christianity
Victory of Reason
by Rodney Stark
By the end of the Middle Ages, Western Europe was set to dominate the globe, while other civilzations like Islam and China were in decline. Why? As Rodney Stark shows in The Victory of Reason: How Christianity Led to Freedom, Capitalism, and Western Success, the triumph of the West has one and only one ultimate cause: Christianity, and the breakthroughs -- intellectual, political, technological, and economic -- it made possible.
As Stark demonstrates in detail, while the other world religions emphasized mystery and intuition, Christianity alone taught that man's capacity for reason was his supreme gift from God. Encouraged by the Scholastics and embodied in the great medieval universities founded by the church, faith in the power of reason infused Western culture, stimulating the pursuit of science and the evolution of democratic theory and practice. The rise of capitalism also was a victory for church-inspired reason, since capitalism is in essence the systematic and sustained application of reason to commerce -- something that first took place within the great monastic estates. And, Stark shows, whereas other faiths asserted the superiority of the past, Christianity was oriented to the future, which allowed the dynamic new societies of late medieval Europe to take off.
In explaining the West's dominance, Stark convincingly debunks long-accepted "truths" about the supposed conflict between Christianity and progress, and proves that far from impeding what we most admire about our world -- scientific discovery, democratic rule, free commerce -- Christianity is what made these developments possible.
The Christian origins of Western success
- The nature and consequences of the Christian commitment to rational theology. Its absolutely essential role for the rise of science
- Why science arose in Europe but failed to do so in China, ancient Greece, or in Islam
- Important moral innovations achieved by the medieval church -- e.g., how Christianity fostered a very strong conception of individualism consistent with its doctrines concerning free will and salvation
- How medieval monasticism cultivated regard for the virtues of work and plain living that fully anticipated the Protestant ethic by almost a millennium
- The role of early and medieval Christianity in fostering new ideas about human rights
- How, among all major faiths, Christianity was unique in evolving moral opposition to slavery -- all but abolishing it by the tenth century
- How, after the resurgence of slavery in Europe's New World colonies, it was Christianity again that produced and sustained the abolition movements
- The material and religious foundations of capitalism laid down during the so-called Dark Ages -- an era, in fact, of spectacular technological and intellectual progress
- How Christian commitment to progress played an important role not only by prompting the search for new technology, but by encouraging its rapid and widespread adoption
- How medieval theologians stoutly defended private property and the pursuit of profits
- The Christian foundations of Western democratic theory -- including the doctrines of individual moral equality, private property rights, and democratic self-rule
- The perfection of capitalism in the Italian city-states. How they developed the management and financial techniques needed to sustain large industrial firms
"Every once in a while a book comes along that not only provides new answers but also transforms the old questions. The Victory of Reason is such a book." -- Richard John Neuhaus, editor in chief of First Things
"Rodney Stark may be the most influential religious researcher of the past hundred years. He has revolutionized contemporary thought about religion and economics, and in this book - his most provocative yet -- he makes a compelling case for the claim that we owe our prosperity, freedom, and progress to centuries of faith in one great, loving, and rational God. The Victory of Reason is itself a victory of reason in a field long dominated by anti-Western, anti-capitalist, and anti-religious myth." -- Lawrence Iannaccone, George Mason University
"Stimulating and provocative . . . Stark demonstrates that elements within Christianity actually gave rise not only to visions of reason and progress but also to the evolution of capitalism."
-- Publishers Weekly