None has so far.
Your discussion with El Nono in this thread is a great demo of the de facto/de jure distinction IMO.
As a matter of law (de jure), no one is above the law and all are equal before it. US Presidents swear to defend, uphold and execute it faithfully. You might say this is the formulaic view. It is a commonplace so long as the law is.
I tend to agree with your gloss on the significance of extra-cons utional activities *
in reality*. Bush flauted the US Cons ution and his oath to take care to execute the laws faithfully when he surveilled Americans
surrep iously and without particularized cause.
The fact that the authority to which GWB appeals has not so far been challenged successfully; and further that the other participants in (de jure) crime have been immunized by the US Congress; and yet further that if his successor has not upheld the same privileges, he has not exactly disavowed them either -- all tend to the result that GWB's *feloniously*acquired surveillance privileges will become the custom and attach normally to the office.
In other words, (de jure) *crime* sometimes becomes de facto legal precedent, instead of perps being prosecuted, amerced and jailed.
Finally, I should say one thing about El Nono's side of it. In the de facto case outlined, we are allowing the legal equivalent of a Star Chamber. Regal ing discretion. It means the end of rule of law, or at least of equality before it, which is something very similar.
Why so-called conservatives on this board want this power reposed in Barack Obama is beyond me. Maybe Americans think of the President as being a sort of king now. That he deserves the discretion somehow. None seem to care that, God forbid, someday we should elect a venal or conniving man to serve.
(The callow bona fides that has accompanied the novel powers and secrecy claimed by the executive branch, does not accord with the conservative view of human nature, but more chimes with the liberal one IMO. We have a government of men and not angels, but now we have given it the
Ring of Gyges.)
As our connection with republican form attenuates, so does the authority of law. The adoration of raw power usurps civil pieties and also the society those pieties once protected, and the whole world once admired.