The high prices of cancer drugs are affecting the care of patients with cancer and our health care system.
1 In the United States, the average price of new cancer drugs increased 5- to 10-fold over 15 years, to more than $100,000 per year in 2012. A study by Howard et al
2 do ented the escalation in cancer drug prices by an average of $8500 a year over the past 15 years. The cost of drugs for each additional year lived (after adjusting for inflation) has increased from $54,000 in 1995 to $207,000 in 2013.
2 This increase is causing harm to patients with cancer and their families. Here are the facts:
- •Cancer will affect 1 in 3 individuals over their lifetime
- •Recent trends in insurance coverage put a heavy financial burden on patients, with their out-of-pocket share increasing to 20% to 30% of the total cost3
- •In 2014, all new US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)–approved cancer drugs were priced above $120,000 per year of use4
- •The average annual household gross income in the United States is about $52,0005
- •For a patient with cancer who needs one cancer drug that costs $120,000 per year, the out-of-pocket expenses could be as high as $25,000 to $30,000—more than half the average household income and possibly more than the median take-home pay for a year. Patients with cancer then have to make difficult choices between spending their incomes (and liquidating assets) on potentially lifesaving therapies or foregoing treatment to provide for family necessities (food, housing, education). This decision is even more critical for senior citizens who are more frequently affected by cancers and have lower incomes and limited assets.6 Because of costs, about 10% to 20% of patients with cancer do not take the prescribed treatment or compromise it.7 It is do ented that the greater the out-of-pocket cost for oral cancer therapies, the lower the compliance.8 This is a structural disincentive for compliance with some of the most effective and transformative drugs in the history of cancer treatment8
- •Given the rising incidence of cancer in our aging population, high cancer drug prices will affect millions of Americans and their immediate families, often repeatedly
In 2006, the US government made a great effort to improve access to approved cancer drugs by requiring Medicare Part D to cover such drugs. Conversely, the 2003 Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act contains legislation that forbids Medicare from negotiating drug prices.
9 These policies have created an opportunity for drug companies, rendering them the sole decision makers on the price of cancer drugs.
10, 11 There is no relief in sight because drug companies keep challenging the market with even higher prices. This raises the question of whether current pricing of cancer drugs is based on reasonable expectation of return on investment or whether it is based on what prices the market can bear.
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