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  1. #1
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    December 10, 2006
    Op-Ed Columnist

    After the Fall

    By DAVID BROOKS

    In fall 2007, the United States began to withdraw troops from Iraq, and so began the Second Thirty Years’ War. This war was a bewildering array of small and vast conflicts, which flared and receded and flared again across the entire Middle East, but which were joined by a common theme.

    The essence of all this disorder was that the Arab nation-states lost control. Subnational groups — like Hezbollah and the Mahdi Army — and supranational groups — like loosely connected terror networks, the new Sunni and Shiite Leagues and the satellite television networks — went from strength to strength while central national governments toppled and fell. The collapse of national governments led to a power vacuum that the more authentic and deeply rooted social groups sought to fill.

    This war had several stages. The first was the disintegration of Iraq. No national ins utions could survive the onslaught: there was no impartial justice, no effective law enforcement, no political organization that put loyalty to nation above loyalty to sect or tribe. Absent a government of laws, government by death squads emerged. Militias — with their own hospitals, schools and indoctrination systems — sought to impose order through assassination and revenge.

    The Muslim world watched the Sunni-Shiite bloodletting on satellite television and became enraged. Militias, seminaries and terror organizations developed transnational alliances. Shiite uprisings occurred in Saudi Arabia, Bahrain and Pakistan. Furious Sunnis rallied in places like Egypt, demanding that their leaders preserve Sunni supremacy.

    The environment was ripe for new sorts of radical leaders, influenced by Moktada al-Sadr and Sheik Hassan Nasrallah. These leaders were hot, charismatic and divisive. They had no intellectual ties to the old 20th-century Arab nationalism, which was scorned as the model that failed.

    Chaos spread as governments in Lebanon and Jordan collapsed. The Palestinian Authority fell into complete dysfunction as Hamas and Fatah waged a low-boiling civil war. Al Qaeda reveled in the bloodshed and spread it with rapturous fury. The spreading disorder vindicated an observation that the historian Michael Oren had once made: that there are really only three nations in the Muslim Middle East: Iran, Turkey and Egypt. The other nations are make-believe. The borders are arbitrary and the governments are artificial.

    The surviving governments scrambled to stay in front of their radicalized populations and meddled ceaselessly in the wars around them. Turkey meddled in Kurdistan. Iran meddled everywhere through Hezbollah and a legion of mini-Hezbollahs. The Saudis tried to buy their enemies off, but only ended up financing them. Egyptians spread out everywhere as foot soldiers and assassins, especially after the end of the Mubarak era.

    Westerners had a great deal of trouble understanding the ever-shifting conflicts among sects they didn’t understand and tribes they’d never heard of. Early in the war, Americans engaged in a moronic debate about whether Iraq was in civil war, which illustrated that American vocabularies were trapped in the nation-state paradigm, and how unprepared Americans were to understand the non-nation-state world.

    Parallels were made, some apt, some inapt, to the first Thirty Years’ War, which decimated Europe in the 17th century. That, too, was a spasmodic constellation of conflicts not among nation-states, but among faiths, tribes and local groupings.

    This second version of that war produced a Middle East that looked medieval and postmodern at the same time. The core weakness of Middle Eastern nations was that over centuries Arab society had developed intricate social organizations based on family, tribe and faith. Loyalty to these superseded national bonds. Notions of federalism, subsidiarity and impersonal administration — the underpinnings of the nation-state — had trouble flourishing in these sands.

    The Middle East’s weak national ties were ripped apart by the rising forces of the 21st century: religious fundamentalism, global terrorism, economic globalization and transnational communications networks. Efforts to do nation-building without security faced long odds. Efforts to exhort Iraqi and other leaders to behave “responsibly” — as defined by Western nationalist categories — were doomed to failure. The American defeat sealed the deal.

    It was a terrible era for those brave patriots fighting for national unity. There was horrific turmoil, and the emergence of sociopolitical organizations whose likes the world had never seen.

    http://select.nytimes.com/2006/12/10...brooks.html?hp

  2. #2
    Veteran 01Snake's Avatar
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    WOOHOOO! I HATE AMERICA AND CRAVE FAILURE!!

    Signed,


    Boutons

  3. #3
    Luck the Fakers Bob Lanier's Avatar
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    Hint: David Brooks may agree with you this time, but he's still a moron.

  4. #4
    "Have to check the film" PixelPusher's Avatar
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    Considering how utterly wrong all of the neocons predictions have been concerning Iraq, I view this latest bit of "prophesy" as a sign of hope.

  5. #5
    keep asking questions George Gervin's Afro's Avatar
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    WOOHOOO! I HATE AMERICA AND CRAVE FAILURE!!

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    Boutons


    Oh I've never heard those talkig points before

  6. #6
    keep asking questions George Gervin's Afro's Avatar
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    Considering how utterly wrong all of the neocons predictions have been concerning Iraq, I view this latest bit of "prophesy" as a sign of hope.

    None of those predictions are the neocons fault. Those repsonsible are :

    mainstream media
    clinton
    carter
    democrats\
    gay marriage
    france
    russia
    germany
    spain
    war on christmas
    boutons


    did i miss anyone?

  7. #7
    Veteran velik_m's Avatar
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    nbadan

  8. #8
    Veteran 01Snake's Avatar
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    Oh I've never heard those talkig points before
    Me too. It's every one of Croutons posts.

    Thanks for coming out Cheech.

  9. #9
    Veteran exstatic's Avatar
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    WOOHOOO! I HATE THE MIDDLE EAST AND CRAVE FAILURE!!

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    George W. Bush
    Fixed it.

  10. #10
    Retired Ray xrayzebra's Avatar
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    exstatic is ecstatic about us losing. It is all the United States fault to begin with,
    don't you see. We deserve to lose. And Bush will pay for bombing the WTC, just
    you wait and see.

  11. #11
    Alleged Michigander ChumpDumper's Avatar
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    Invading Iraq to remove Saddam was a dicey idea at best--Cheney said so back when he was SecDef. Bushco made that proposition much worse by going in with an ill-equipped, undersized force without a real plan for occupation. Pie-in-the-sky democratic dreams the neocons had for the area, if they were even possible in the first place, were made impossible by the almost complete inep ude shown by the administration over the past three years.

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