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Studies Agree: Impersonation Fraud by Voters Very Rarely Happens
The Brennan Center’s seminal report on this issue, The Truth About Voter Fraud, found that mostreported incidents of voter fraud are actually traceable to other sources, such as clerical errors or bad data matching practices. The report reviewed elections that had been meticulously studied forvoter fraud, and found incident rates between 0.0003 percent and 0.0025 percent. Given this tinyincident rate for voter impersonation fraud, it is more likely, the report noted, that an American“will be struck by lightning than that he will impersonate another voter at the polls.”
A study published by a Columbia University political scientist tracked incidence rates for voterfraud for two years, and found that the rare fraud that was reported generally could be traced to“false claims by the loser of a close race, mischief and administrative or voter error.”
A 2017 analysis published in The Washington Post concluded that there is no evidence to support Trump’s claim that Massachusetts residents were bused into New Hampshire to vote.
A comprehensive 2014 study published in The Washington Post found 31 credible instances ofimpersonation fraud from 2000 to 2014, out of more than 1 billion ballots cast. Even this tinynumber is likely inflated, as the study’s author counted not just prosecutions or convictions, butany and all credible claims.
Two studies done at Arizona State University, one in 2012 and another in 2016, found similarlynegligible rates of impersonation fraud. The project found 10 cases of voter impersonation fraud nationwide from 2000-2012. The follow-up study, which looked for fraud specifically in stateswhere politicians have argued that fraud is a pernicious problem, found zero successful prosecutions for impersonation fraud in five states from 2012-2016.
A review of the 2016 election found four do ented cases of voter fraud.
Research into the 2016 election found no evidence of widespread voter fraud.
A 2016 working paper concluded that the upper limit on double voting in the 2012 election was 0.02%. The paper noted that the incident rate was likely much lower, given audits conducted by 2the researchers showed that “many, if not all, of these apparent double votes could be a result of measurement error.”
A 2014 paper concluded that “the likely percent of non-citizen voters in recent US elections is 0.”
A 2014 nationwide study found “no evidence of widespread impersonation fraud” in the 2012 election.
A 2014 study that examined impersonation fraud both at the polls and by mail ballot found zero instances in the jurisdictions studied.
A 2014 study by the non-partisan Government Accountability Office, which reflected a literature review of the existing research on voter fraud, noted that the studies consistently found “few instances of in-person voter fraud.”
While writing a 2012 book, a researcher went back 30 years to try to find an example of voter impersonation fraud determining the outcome of an election, but was unable to find even one.
A 2012 study exhaustively pulled records from every state for all alleged election fraud, and foundthe overall fraud rate to be “infinitesimal” and impersonation fraud by voters at the polls to bethe rarest fraud of all: only 10 cases alleged in 12 years. The same study found only 56 allegedcases of non-citizen voting, in 12 years.
A 2012 assessment of Georgia’s 2006 election found “no evidence that election fraud wascommitted under the au es of deceased registrants.”
A 2011 study by the Republican National Lawyers Association found that, between 2000 and2010, 21 states had 1 or 0 convictions for voter fraud or other kinds of voting irregularities.
A 2010 book cataloguing reported incidents of voter fraud concluded that nearly all allegations turned out to be clerical errors or mistakes, not fraud.
A 2009 analysis examined 12 states and found that fraud by voters was “very rare,” and also concluded that many of the cases that garnered media attention were ultimately unsubstantiated upon further review.
Additional research on noncitizen voting can be found here:http://www.brennancenter.org/analysis/analysis-noncitizen-voting-vanishingly-rare.
Additional resources can be found here: https://www.brennancenter.org/analys...sis-andreports.
Courts Agree: Fraud by Voters at the Polls is Nearly Non-Existent
The Fifth Circuit, in an opinion finding that Texas’s strict photo ID law is racially discriminatory,noted that there were “only two convictions for in-person voter impersonation fraud out of 20 million votes cast in the decade” before Texas passed its law.3
In its opinion striking down North Carolina’s omnibus restrictive election law —which included avoter ID requirement — as purposefully racially discriminatory, the Fourth Circuit noted that thestate “failed to identify even a single individual who has ever been charged with committing inperson voter fraud in North Carolina.”
A federal trial court in Wisconsin reviewing that state’s strict photo ID law found “that impersonation fraud — the type of fraud that voter ID is designed to prevent — is extremely rare” and “a truly isolated phenomenon that has not posed a significant threat to the integrity of Wisconsin’s elections.”
Even the Supreme Court, in its opinion in Crawford upholding Indiana’s voter ID law, noted thatthe record in the case “contains no evidence of any [in-person voter impersonation] fraud actually occurring in Indiana at any time in its history.” Two of the jurists who weighed in on that case at the time — Republican-appointed former Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens and conservative appellate court Judge Richard Posner — have since announced they regret their votes in favor of the law, with Judge Posner noting that strict photo ID laws are “now widely regarded as a means of voter suppression rather than of fraud prevention.”
https://www.brennancenter.org/sites/default/files/analysis/Briefing_Memo_Debunking_Voter_Fraud_Myth.pdf
TSA, you rube.
