the number of Electoral College votes you get from each state is the number of Representatives + Senators a state has. for example:
Texas has 36 state reps, 2 senators = 38 electoral votes
Wyoming has 1 state rep, 2 senators = 3 electoral votes
Texas has ~25 million people per the last census, while wyoming has ~563k
so texas has roughly 44x more people than wyoming. in an ideal world, TX would therefore have 44x the electoral votes of wyoming for the math to be sound, and for every american's vote to carry the same weight.
if you just go by the representatives, you are close, but not quite there (36 to 1). when you factor in the senators, the small states disproportionately benefit. the 38 electoral votes for TX and 3 for WY amount to just under a 13:1 ratio, even though their populations are 44:1
small states disproportionately benefit from the senate, and that inequality also contributes to the math of the EC